One Extra Zero: The Census Typo That Turned 47 Montana Miners Into 30,000 Phantom Residents
In 1890, a Census Bureau clerk added an accidental digit to the population count of a nearly empty Montana mining settlement, briefly making it appear to be one of the most populated places west of the Mississippi. Before anyone physically checked, the error had triggered a congressional redistricting fight, a land speculation gold rush, and a railroad expansion project — all for a town with 47 actual residents.